As early as the 18th century, the United Kingdom began to use coal in large quantities because of its industrialization. In the 19th century, Europe and the United States also joined.

At the United Nations Climate Summit (COP26) to be held in Glasgow in November 2021, reaching a consensus on national carbon reduction policies is the main goal of this meeting.

Microplastics (MPs) generally refer to plastic fragments which smaller than 5 mm , and it can be divided into primary and secondary plastic particles according to the each source.